Git Cheat Sheet For Beginners

Memorizing all Git commands is not easy. Use this cheat sheet to quickly find the right command for the job.

New project setup

git init https://repositoryurl

Creates a new empty repository

git init https://repositoryurl mydir

Creates a new empty repository in a directory mydir

git clone

Copies the remote repository from the remote URL to your local computer and stores it there as a local repository

Reviewing changes and history

git status

Shows all changes in your workspace. New untracked files, changed files, staged files. And also current branch.

git log

Shows a history of all commits

git log -3

Shows last 3 commits

git blame my-file.txt

Shows history of all changes in a file including the author of each change

Basic day-to-day use

git pull

Retrieves changes from remote repository to local repository and integrates the changes to your workspace

git add file.htm

Adds changed file.htm to the index (stage)

git add .

Adds all changes to the index (stage)

git add */*.html

Adds all changed files with extension .html to the index (stage)

git rm --cached */*.tmp

Removes all changed files with extension .tmp from index (stage). This can be used when you staged some files by mistake.

git commit -m "Added header"

Commits the changes from the index (stage) to the repository and adds a short description describing the change

git commit -a -m "Added header"

The same as git add . with git commit . Adds all current changes to the index and commits the changes from the index (stage) to the repository and adds a short description describing the change

git push

Pushes changes from local repository to remote repository

Branches give you freedom

git branch

Gets a list of all local branches

git branch -r

Gets a list of all remote branches

git branch -a

Gets a list of all local and remote-tracking branches

git branch abc

Creates a new branch with name abc

git checkout abc

Changes the current branch to branch abc. The version of files from branch abc will be checked out to the workspace.

git checkout -b abc

Creates a new branch abc and changes the current branch to this newly created branch. The version of files from branch abc will be checked out to the workspace.

git push -u origin newbranch

Creates a new remote branch newbranch in origin repository and pushes changes from current local branch to the newly created remote branch.

git reset --hard HEAD

Discards all local changes in your workspace

When you need to multi-task

git stash

Takes current changes and stashes them away so that there won't be any changes in your workspace. The stashed changes are saved and can be later restored.

git stash pop

Restores previously stashed changes to your workspace and removes the stash, so that the stash will be no longer available in the list of stashes.

git stash list

Displays a list of all existing stashes (previously stashed changes).

git stash drop 1

Deletes the stash with index 1.

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